They were told on the portal “Scientific Russia”People around the world are facing the negative consequences of global warming. This problem is gradually taking on a larger scale. About what actions employees of Russian scientific organizations are taking to prevent all this – in the material. Discuss
Now we can observe such consequences of global warming as the melting of glaciers, an increase in the level of the World Ocean, the number of hurricanes and floods, etc. Scientists of all countries are trying to reduce the negative effects of climate change, including Russian researchers.
According to the specialists of the Institute of Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), the Russian Federation has the most swamps in the world. Their area is almost 140 million hectares, in total they cover more than a fifth of the country's territory. At the same time, swamps, compared to other natural objects, contain many times more carbon dioxide per unit area. The most effective way to eliminate such negative consequences (carbon dioxide emissions, the occurrence of fires in peatlands) is considered to be secondary flooding of swamps.
In order to irrigate drained peatlands, research data from scientists from the Institute of Forest Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences is used. The methodology created by experts even became the basis for adding a provision on reducing greenhouse gas emissions as a result of flooding to the National Report of the Russian Federation, presented at the UN Convention on Climate Change, and turns out to be significant in fulfilling our country's obligations under the Paris Climate Agreement.
In addition, domestic scientists are working on study of water in Lake Onega. The thing is that this lake is considered one of the unique sources of clean drinking water. Unfortunately, it is highly susceptible to various contaminants and is poorly cleaned on its own. For this reason, now the water quality in the lake is controlled by experts from the Institute of Water Problems of the North of the Karelian Scientific Center (KarRC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Scientists are studying organic matter, the main components of which are nitrogen and carbon. By the distribution of carbon, one can understand how water quality is formed, for example, in Lake Onega or another body of water.
Specialists also use a special device to determine the level of nitrogen and carbon. It makes it possible to find out the amount of substances in water in two hours – and moreover, simultaneously in nine samples. Also, the tool allows you to find out the forms of carbon in water, to determine some groups of substances that are in it. The device can also analyze the amount of carbon in soil and bottom sediments. climate change: three main scientific projects” alt=”How Russia is fighting climate change: three main scientific projects” How Russia is fighting climate change: three main scientific projects See also impact of global warming on soil changes. Similar studies are being carried out at the Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
For example, experts analyze sources and natural reservoirs of greenhouse gases. For 25 years, the Laboratory of Soil Nitrogen and Carbon Cycles has been monitoring the release of carbon dioxide from soils in five different ecosystems. This allows us to predict what changes await people in the studied territories in the future.
In addition, as Anna Kvitkina, a candidate of biological sciences, explains, trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, but soil contains the most carbon among terrestrial ecosystems. In it, dangerous organic matter in the form of humus remains for thousands of years. At the same time, due to climate change, global warming, the processes of decomposition of this substance in the soil occur faster. Therefore, more greenhouse gases are already entering the atmosphere than before.
Source: Scientific Russia