July 16, 1945 was the first successful test of a nuclear weapon. Namely, in the state of new Mexico (USA) at the Alamogordo landfill as part of the Manhattan project was detonated a plutonium bomb, dubbed “little Thing”. The operation itself is inspired by the poetry of John Donne scientists have dubbed as a test of the “Trinity”. The bomb was equal to 21 kiloton of TNT. It is the successful conduct of this operation marked the beginning of the nuclear age.
However, the American “geniuses” did not postpone it indefinitely and very quickly from the theory passed to practice. On the 6th of August 1945 on the Japanese city of Hiroshima was dropped “the Kid” (13 kilotons of TNT), and 9 August 1945 in Nagasaki dropped the “Fat man” (21 kiloton of TNT). According to various data, were lost from 150 to 250 thousand people.
The last test of such weapons occurred on 9 October 2006. Was “tested” the bomb Quanti-ri and at the same time there was the first nuclear explosion in North Korea.
“The thing” bombed
July 16, 1965, was launched spacecraft “proton-1” — the first of four heavy Soviet scientific artificial satellites. Heavy they were called, because their weight was 12-18 tons, where the research equipment had 3-4 tons. The aim of the expedition was the study of high-and ultrahigh-energies. On the satellite “proton-1 and proton-2” (2 November 1965), was installed gamma-ray telescopes designed to study cosmic radiation. The third satellite “proton-3” was launched on 6 July 1966 and the last “proton-4” — November 16, 1968.
The name “proton” research spacecraft was named after the eponymous rockets that have launched satellites into space.
Heavy carrier rockets “proton” are used to this day.
Stamp dedicated to the satellite “proton”
July 16, 1969, was launched spacecraft “Apollo-11”, during which American astronauts made the first flight to the moon. Already on 20 July the lunar module landed at the South-Western area of the “Sea of Tranquility”. Led an expedition Neil Armstrong. Helping him were Michael Collins and Edwin Aldrin.
Since then, the human foot stepped on the surface of the satellite of the Earth six times. All successful attempts made by the United States of America. Other States (including Russia/USSR) are satisfied only by the presence on the moon special moon. The last expedition for today is “Apollo-17” was registered on December 7, 1972. Also, it is known that the crew of the ship first entered the scientist-professional, geologist Harrison Schmitt.
The first journey of a man on the moon