14 July 1867 Alfred Nobel first demonstrated dynamite. The first tests took place in the quarry Redhill, Surrey in the UK. According to the legend, Nobel invented dynamite by accident. Bottles of explosive nitroglycerin was being transported for the security of diatomaceous earth, one bottle burst and the substance was mixed with the rock. Alfred Nobel discovered and patented the mixture of nitroglycerin with kieselguhr dynamite. In Greek “Dunamis” means “power”. New explosives were safe to eat and very quickly received wide application. Dynamite made the inventor a multi-millionaire, but Nobel felt guilty that gave the world the substance. So later he rewrote the will, leaving his heirs would establish an award to remember him not only as the inventor of the devastating weapons.
Alfred Nobel
14 Jul 1954 Princeton University in the United States for the first time announced the delivery of the computers in private use. Up to this point computers were installed in laboratories and was simply a piece of equipment for the study. To work on them, the students had to compile the program and then use the operator’s services, which the computer solved the problem and handed back a response. However, the leadership decided that the process of using computers too difficult and was allowed to take the computers in private use. It is the decision of the Directors of Princeton University became the first serious step to the development of personal computers.
Princeton University
On 14 July 1965 for the first time pictures were taken of Mars from a close distance. A taping of automatic interplanetary station Mariner 4 NASA Mariner Mars 1964. In the night from 14 to 15 July, the unit made the first successful flyby of Mars, took pictures of the planet and gave them to the Earth. Only Mariner 4 did the full 21 and partly another. Each izobrazheniya was 200×200 elements and 64 brightness levels. All the pictures that were captured, were stored on the onboard tape recorder and transfer the images began only the next day, after the resumption of the signal and continued until 3 August. One shot from a distance of more than 216 million km from downloading to Earth at a speed of 8.33 bits/sec and it takes 8.66 hours. Each picture was transferred twice to eliminate the lack of missing or corrupted data.
On-Board recorder Mariner 4 for data storage