16 June 1963, launched the spacecraft Vostok-6 Valentina Tereshkova, first woman cosmonaut. Specifically for this flight, scientists have developed a special design of the suit, adapted for the female body, and also altered some elements of the spacecraft for the women. During the flight, found a bug where a ship could not land, as the orbit was not directed to the Ground, and in the opposite direction. With the help of Yuri Gagarin and Sergei Korolev, programmisty the Earth was able to reconfigure the ship and Valentina Tereshkova successfully completed flight. Vostok-6 was the last manned spacecraft to Vostok program, which began on 12 April 1961 the Vostok 1 and Yuri Gagarin’s flight into space. Interestingly, exactly 49 years after the flight of Tereshkova, on 16 June 2012 in space aboard Shenzhou-8 flew its first female astronaut from China.
Postage stamp Valentina Tereshkova
And in this day…
16 Jun 1874 opened the Cavendish physical laboratory at Cambridge University. It has become one of the world’s centers of experimental physics, chemistry, biology and other Sciences. She led James Maxwell, Ernest Rutherford, Lord Rayleigh and other famous scientists. It is here that managed to artificially split the atomic nucleus, discovered the neutron, built a model of the structure of DNA, made a cloud chamber, mass spectrometer and a linear accelerator. The motto of the laboratory at all times is the phrase James Maxwell: “I never discourage people from attempting to carry out a particular experiment; if it doesn’t find what he’s looking for, he may be, will reveal something different.” The laboratory works to this day, and by 2012 the number of employees-researchers, and 29 people received the Nobel prize.
The Cavendish laboratory now
June 16, 1911, the company IBM. Initially, the Corporation was called CTR (Computing Tabulating Recording). It included the Computing Scale Company of America, Tabulating Machine Company and the International Time Recording Company. The combined company has launched a wide range of equipment: punching machines, scales, syroezhki and even devices of the account of working hours. In 1914, at the post of Director-General invited Thomas Watson after that the company concentrated on creating large tabulation machines. The IBM name appeared only in 1924, when the company entered the canadian market and greatly expanded the range of products, this time it’s called International Business Machines. During its existence, the Corporation significantly influenced the development of the information technology industry, and for many companies the competition with IBM was the impetus in the development.
Building IBM in Silicon valley, 1943