10 secrets of science that will make you immortal in this century

Every day science brings humanity to the old dream: immortality. The path to immortality is thorny and difficult, but the end goal justifies any means (although this is debatable). It is highly likely that born in this century will not have to die. Looking at the achievements of biologists, neuroscientists, engineers and pharmacists in the context of life extension, I want only one thing: to delay the critical moment as far as possible, to overcome the threshold of the infinite pack. Yes, man is “sudden death”, as one of the main characters of classic literature, but examples of people living to a hundred years and more, give hope that the Reaper can be fooled. The good news is that if you stand on the road of struggle with the inevitable end, to lose nothing to have. Death is the ultimate end of any struggle, so the struggle with death it seems taken for granted.

Man — a complex set of dynamic factors consists of billions of cells, bone and muscle tissue, heart, kidney, neurons, and memories. To re-create person other than the natural way seems impossible in the foreseeable future. However, with the development of computer technology and the advent of artificial intelligence, it becomes obvious that many of the tools of nature, we could, if not repeat, then at least to imitate it. People can be a complex set of individual parameters, the sum of all the parts, but upon closer examination all these pieces are subject to the usual and universal laws. Does this mean that we will be able to cheat death, if you become familiar with these laws? Let’s see.

Growing organs

Physical health rests on many factors, which are, as a rule, to the absence of infectious, viral, hereditary and acquired diseases and the integrity of the body.

The existence of bacteria that people could only guess before the beginning of the last century. Think about it: Microbiology as a distinct science did not exist any more one hundred and fifty years ago, was alive when your great-great-grandmother. Just look at modern medicine, to understand what a huge leap in improving the quality of life for the people who gave the appearance of microscopes and Microbiology as such. Now we can treat infectious diseases and very successfully. And despite the worsening problems in the form of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, we are confident that we will find a way to cope with the disease.

But what to do with the bodies? A broken arm will not be cured by pills, and in need of a heart transplant will not save the shot. Even worse is the case with lost as a result of amputation or tragic events the authorities. You cannot just take and transplant the leg, hoping that the body will restore all the neural connections and learn to manipulate a new limb. Waiting for a transplant of internal organs is growing each year. What to do if you, on your way to immortality suddenly lose a couple of feet or hands? Life will lose its former meaning.

Fortunately, in this direction actively. Scientists propose a solution in the form grown in other media bodies. Pluripotent stem cells that exist in humans in infancy, have an amazing power: they can differentiate into any type of tissue except nazaralieva (placenta and yolk SAC). Taking cells of adult human, turning them into pluripotent and multiply, scientists could get an unlimited amount of raw materials to create and recreate a loved one of body. It remains only to find the stem cells, but more on that below, and create “farm” for growing.

In 2016, the canadian biophysicist Andrew Pelling and his team from the University of Ottawa have successfully grown human tissue, using… apples. Using the method of decellularization, they removed the cells of the Apple and are left with a cellular “scaffolding”, almost dry Apple, freeing him from the “meat”. Then Apple cut a piece in the shape of the ear and filled with human cells. So there was the auricle. Pelling claims that his method will allow you to quickly and cheaply create deficient implants for the restoration of human organs.

Stem cells

Stem cells are undecided cells that can transform into other cells — heart, neuron, liver, lung, skin. They can share and grow. A child or young person, these stem cells act as built-in repairers. They heal and restore normal function of damaged organs.

Aging stocks of stem cells are reduced in 100 or even 10,000 times, in different tissues and organs. In addition, they are experiencing genetic mutations that reduce their quality and effectiveness in the repair of the body. Agree, it would be great to stop the degeneration of the stem cells and maintain their stocks for an unlimited time.

In an earlier article we talked about the fact that “born in this century will not have to die.” You see, at birth the human body is in a state of biological perfection, the doctor says Bob Hariri. Authorities have not undergone a lot of harmful stimuli such as electromagnetic radiation, chemicals, biological code is not spoiled. At the moment of birth to take the baby’s stem cells with the original, it still does not corrupted DNA, propagated in large numbers for the future and freeze. Take note for your child to when will stem cell banks (and they already appear), it would be possible to provide him with an infinite regeneration for many years. Will take place some twenty years, and the stem cells will change medicine, and hence a person’s life forever.

Cancel old age

Speaking of immortality, interested people talking about physiological health and quality of eternal life. No one wants to spend eternity in the body of a feeble old man — tired kind of life people are often asked to unplug them from life support or to give euthanasia. Man deserves eternal life at a young and full of energy body. The antithesis of the youth — old age, here who is our main enemy.

Like a car, the human body with time begins to grow decrepit, to acquire problem — the cells age, the body’s defenses are depleted, harmful wastes build up, muscles get weaker and so on. The only difference is that the human body is much tougher than a car and much more efficient.

Senescent cells — aging cells that can no longer divide, creating new cells — can be removed. Experiments on mice that were administered injections of the drug Foxo4-DRI showed that mice live longer by 30%. Scientists target ageing cells, because they see in them the root of all senile troubles, from the fragility of the body and a weakened immune system before the advent of age-related diseases. Currently actively developed tools effect on the aging cells and rejuvenate the body. For example, a compound based on resveratrol which in small amounts found in red wine and berries, was able to rejuvenate cells by restoring the splicing of RNA, which updates senescent cells. Aging of cells is manifested in particular in the shortening of telomeres — the DNA at the ends of chromosomes. Some factors of RNA splicing, which decreases with age, can restore the telomeres, along with the restoration of the telomeres and stop the aging of cells. Is it any drink red wine in large quantities? No, of course: resveratrol there is very little. But since the effective coupling is already showing its results (albeit on animals), and the possible connections of thousands, it promises us a healthy immortality. Can someone can there be any doubt that for 20-30-40 or even 50 years scientists will find an effective cure for old age? Well, fifty years ago, people did not fly into space.

Now one thing is clear: different drugs tested on laboratory pigs, and to clinical trials on humans is still far, but the number of ways of salvation grows from year to year, and interdisciplinary collaboration demonstrate a striking effect. And we have from biology is not moved.

A strict diet

Recently there have been increasing evidence that extreme dieting and fasting, and a lifetime limitation of calories consumed, 30% can be a remarkable cure for old age. The idea that the organism lives longer when more hungry and eating less, rooted in the distant past. But in fact the rejection of 25-50% of daily calories causes people anger and denial. Why you need eternal life if you cannot enjoy your favorite cakes with pureskill and hamburgers?

However, a group of scientists led by gerontologist Valter Longo of the University of southern California concluded that the effects of rejuvenation can come without subscribing to a lifelong hunger strike. “Diet, simulating the post” within five days a month for three months, repeated as needed, will be “safe, effective and effectively reduce risk factors of aging and the appearance of age-related diseases”. It turns out, periodic abstinence from food promises optimum increase in healthy years of life.

It is important to understand that these findings are preliminary and not proven 100%. As the possibility of immortality as such. But we have come to the conclusion that in a fight to the death any ways can be good. And striving for immortality now will use all possible means to hold on to the critical moment at which to die will not have to.

In the basis of theories about the life-saving diet is the idea that the regenerative effects of the body are caused not so much by restricting calories as the subsequent recovery. In contrast, long-term and continuous restriction can lead to negative consequences like anorexia. Intermittent fasting — five days in the month is reduces body weight, improves the level of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, along with other factors, which have lasted for three months even after return to normal diet, as studies have shown.

Gene therapy

45-year-old American Elizabeth Parrish in the pursuit of youth volunteered to experience developed her own research company BioViva method of rejuvenation with the help of gene therapy. She received two courses of gene therapy from September 2015. One course was intended to prevent loss of muscle mass, and the second is to increase the production of telomerase. Telomerase is an enzyme that adds repeating sequences to the end of the DNA chain to sites of telomeres, which we have already spoken.

Obviously, Elizabeth would not have to apply therapy, not previously tested on animals. The woman was risking his own health for the sake of rejuvenation, daring to carry out therapy without the permission of the state regulator.

According to Elizabeth, she not only managed to stop the shortening of telomeres (measured in 2015 and 2016), but also to become 20 years younger.

In parallel with this, the FDA approved the use of gene therapy for patients aged 3 to 25 years, suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. As reported by the magazine ScienceTranslationalMedicine, thanks to gene therapy group of doctors managed to cure a 58-year-old patient from incurable form of lymphoblastic leukemia in only 8 days. Although it is too early to speak about any scientific breakthroughs, gene therapy can become a routine procedure for traditional medicine.

However, the lack of proven results and approval from the state authorities does not stop the underground group of genetic engineers to put on itself experiments. In the struggle all means are good.

CRISPR

A method of gene editing based on CRISPR for several years does not come from the main bands medical journals. Easy to learn and use the tool “cut and insert” genes, promises a whole bunch of incredible breakthroughs in all areas: cancer treatment, HIV treatment, poverty reduction, treatment of hereditary diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, improvement of human qualities, the creation of designer babies… the list is huge.

Recently the doctors from Oakland, USA, first tested methodology for genome editing in a living man. Such a risky step had to go because the patient was suffering from an incurable genetic disease, hunter syndrome. About results to speak while early, but scientists are confident in the future success. What is more important: the experimental method is tested on seriously ill people, and so the development goes.

For me it would be a surprise if in 5-10 years the area of medicine is overwhelmed by a flood of tools for genome editing and their applications. People excitedly rush to create designer babies, removing unwanted genes, hereditary diseases, changing the color of eyes and hair. Anyone wants to see his child be born healthy and became happy. Chances are that those born in this century, designer babies will be deprived of many negative factors, which manifests itself in old age, so their life be long and healthy.

And more importantly, the achievement of stage 120 and above years of healthy life will mean the opportunity to touch the new tools of life extension. The upgrade process of the body and its recovery will become an avalanche, and die, perhaps, will not have to. It is only necessary to overcome the barrier.

Bionic limbs

For anybody not a secret that the human body is imperfect. It is a masterpiece creation of nature, amazing in its complexity and versatility. But the more complex a system is, the more possibilities for failure. From this point of view our technological devices is much simpler natural creations.

For anybody not a secret that the human body weak and feeble, fragile and devoid of the many amazing adaptations, such as wings. When man wanted to fly he created the plane. When the person wants to become faster, higher, stronger, it will create a cyborg.

With the development of science and technology people the question was born: why burden yourself meat bag, to restore organic limb when you can (try to) create the bionic, much more adaptable, versatile and, in principle, no worse than the original. Already there are bionic prostheses for children and adults, which can be controlled by thought.

For example, LUKEArm is a high — tech prosthesis that allows its owner to touch. Special motor provides feedback, simulating the resistance exerted by the various physical objects — the user can feel the pillow has less resistance than a brick. Now the device is quite expensive — $ 100,000 — but prices are falling and will continue to fall.

Driven by the power of thought the leg was the first to use Zach Wouter in 2012, a software engineer from Seattle, who had a leg amputated above the knee. Special prostheses allow athletes to run short and long distances, and it is believed that they get due to this advantage over conventional runners.

As the development of prosthetics, artificial limbs are becoming smarter and smarter. The connection of technology and organics allows you to create hands that can touch and grab, but will be stronger than their organic counterparts. What would you chose: the normal arm or regular arm with enhanced strength?

Nondoctor

In the human body is constantly are operating different systems, but we do not notice. Microflora of the intestine helps to process food. The heart pumps blood, the lungs provide it with oxygen. The immune system struggling with adverse intrusions. Cells divide and grow old, hair grow, brain consolidates information during sleep… And as we have said, even though the human body is highly complex and durable body, over time its ability to recover taper off and even start to work against.

But what if we, using the power of science and technology, would let in another system, large-scale and unobtrusive, which refreshed the body, supported it in good working condition, protected from invading harmful microbes and updated? That is, in fact, helps all body functions to perform their tasks and even more.

Currently nanorobots are developed primarily to target the treatment of cancer. Tiny, specially designed body entered in the relevant region, would release the medicine, killing the cancer cells and leaving the healthy unscathed. Themselves nanorobots are so small that even “rank” of 50 thousand copies in thickness is hardly more than a human hair.

Also, scientists are trying to reduce the best mechanisms of modern technology to provide the nanobots with them: the smallest engines, and 3D printers from DNA, and nanoplenki, and nadorcity, and even wireless technology. Once in your body will work an army of millions of tiny helpers. They quietly merged with your body, will make him immortal.

Download of consciousness

When the computer burned video card, broken PSU or motherboard is offered, in the end you can just remove the drive with the memory and put in another car. More recently, important data were stored in the cloud. But what do you do if he is not a machine (yet)? Can you save the human “I” when the body dies, to move the mind and soul in another body, along with consciousness, memories and knowledge? The question of “hacking” the human brain may well become the largest and most important in this and other centuries. Because it is directly related to immortality — digital, if you will.

Imagine that instead of a long life in one body of the person would reincarnate in another body. Now the area of brain research is in a very difficult position, because to try to crack it, according to ethics, it’s just blasphemous, and open trials with possible fatal outcome no one will ever approve of.

However, some believe it is inevitable. Elon Musk earlier in the year announced the creation of the company Neuralink that will work in the direction of merging the human brain with artificial intelligence and multiple amplification. Musk sees itself in this path, the inevitable need for the growing information society. Another entrepreneur, Brian Johnson, created the Kernel, which selects the “code” to signal the human brain to be able to manipulate the neurons to combat neurodegenerative diseases and to recover the memories.

Once the “saving” of the human person, in the cloud may well be possible. The only question is when and how to survive this.

Deep hibernation

When all means are already tried, but death is inevitable, you can take extreme measures. The state of deep anabiosis in science and in fiction is often considered as a means of distancing is inevitable. What’s the point? Medicine is constantly evolving, and tomorrow can receive the treatments of incurable diseases that were not there before. But if tomorrow the person will not Wake up, it is unlikely he would be able to help. If you load the body into a state of deep Krishna, freeze it till the best times, you can give the hope that the people of the future find a cure and “raise” the sleeping.

Cold — one of the best ways to preserve the organic tissues. Some organisms, from microbes to frogs, I can Wake up and continue to go about their business after a long stay in an extremely cold environment. The idea seemed convincing enough to the creators of the Alcor Life Extension Foundation, which offers cryogenic services. For 770 dollars a year you will be able to sign a contract in which your body will rest in a coffin with liquid nitrogen (if, of course, you can pay another $ 80,000 for the preservation of the brain, or $ 200,000 for whole body) after death.

Immediately after a patient’s heart stops, it is transported in the icy bed, and the circulation and respiration artificially resume using the camera. Then the patient receives a cocktail of intravenous drugs, including anticoagulants, and pH buffers. After that, the blood pumped out and replaced by a solution for preserving organs.

There is no guarantee that it will work. But death does not guarantee anything. In the end, everyone can choose how to die. But someone will choose to never die.

10 secrets of science that will make you immortal in this century
Ilya Hel


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