People have long noticed that many animals, fish and insects can navigate the terrain and ‘feel’ the Earth’s magnetic field. In other words, they have something like “the embedded nature of the compass”. It is logical to assume that this ability in some species the genetic level. And recently, scientists from the University of Baltimore was able to detect the corresponding sequence in the genome of glass catfish (Kryptopterus bicirrhis). Moreover, the introduction of genetic material into the brains of other animals gave them the same “inner compass”.
It is worth saying that this is not the first such case. Previously it was possible to identify the genes responsible for “magnetic sensitivity” of pigeons and some species of bacteria. In this case unique is that the glass catfish gene works in isolation and is not associated with other biological complexes. During the experiments, the catfish genome was implanted into the eggs of frogs. Watching the reaction of eggs in the magnetic field, was selected the gene EPG (electromagnetic perceptive gene). Embedding EPG gene into the genome of eggs of frogs has allowed to obtain a residence, sensitive to the magnetic field of the Earth.
Still unclear the mechanism of action of the gene. What is clear is that the EPG causes the production of proteins that are sensitive to the magnetic field. These proteins cause penetration of large quantities of calcium ions into the cell, which leads to generation of signal in the neuron or the reduction of muscle cells. Scientists believe that the discovery of the gene EPG in the future to create a wireless pacemakers and neural interfaces of a new type that will be used to communicate radio signals. In addition, such technology can be used in the future for controlling and monitoring the activity of nerve cells and heart muscle cells.
Discovered the genes responsible for the sensitivity to the magnetic field of the Earth
Vladimir Kuznetsov