11 August 1877, opened a satellite of Mars, Deimos. Fun fact: Jonathan swift in the book about Gulliver’s travels, wrote about an imaginary country in which they live some scientists and what they discovered two satellites of Mars. In fact, during the swift about satellites of the red planet, nobody knew anything. Only during the great opposition of Mars and Earth (time of closest convergence of the planets) in 1877 Professor Asaph Hall of naval Observatory in Washington saw through the strongest 24-inch telescope at a small glowing object at a distance of three diameters from Mars. A few days later it turned out that object two. It was the satellites of Mars. The first Hall is called Deimos and the other Phobos. Translated, it means Horror and Fear. It was the name of the mythological sons of the war God Ares, another name of which is Mars. In honor of Jonathan swift, who predicted the existence of Mars’s two satellites before they open, on Deimos named as one of the largest craters.
Deimos. Natural satellite of Mars
On 11 August 1909 for the first time in the world was given the SOS. He was sent to the American ship that came from new York, but lost track and went adrift. The signal received on the island of Hatteras in the United wireless Telegraph company and transferred to the steamship company. Officially a distress signal, consisting of posledovatelnosti symbols of the Morse code “three dots, three dashes, three dots” adopted by the International Radiotelegraph Convention in 1905. Before that there were several different variants of the distress signal, which established a private Telegraph company. The first such message was the signal CQD, which was prednaznachena for ships company Marconi. But a common signal, he did not, as many confuse it with the signal of a General call to all stations CQ. So, in a world caught on the design of the SOS to which the sailors picked up a transcript of the “Save Our Souls” (save our souls). From 1 February 1999, the international Maritime organization replaced the SOS signal to the automated alert system GMDSS, but SOS can still be applied and used to refer to disasters and requests for assistance. In voice communication SOS not used, instead there is the message “Mayday”.
The radio operator transmits a signal by Telegraph in Morse code
11 Aug 1926, Kodak started work on the creation of color film. The first attempts to make the picture in color movie was made soon after the invention of cinematography. It is known that Thomas Edison, in 1895, applied manual coloring of the film with aniline dyes. Of course, this technology was very time consuming, but such films were popular with viewers, still, after all, there was only black-and-white movie. In 1908, the popular three-color film, when the film was shot in three different films in three different light filter. And only 9 years after the beginning of works on creation of full-color film, Kodak in 1935 introduced the pay Eastmancolor film, which was intended for Amateur 16-mm machines. A year later there were 8 and 35mm varieties called Kodachrome. The quality of the color, these multi-layer films, unfortunately, inferior tripleanal technology that was used until the mid 50-ies, even though he was complicated and expensive. After this time the movie starts the competition with television, which takes the audience in cinemas, and this event significantly affects the distribution of color film.
Film Kodak Kodachrome